What Dock Owners Need to Know About ADA Compliance
ADA gangway requirements are one of the most misunderstood aspects of dock and marina construction. Many owners assume ADA means steep costs and complex redesigns. In reality, the rules are specific, limited in scope, and include important exceptions.
At American Muscle Docks, we design and fabricate docks with compliance in mind, without overbuilding or unnecessary expense. This guide explains how ADA gangway rules actually work for recreational boating facilities.
What ADA Standards Apply to Gangways
ADA gangway requirements for docks and marinas are governed by:
- 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design
- Section 1003, Recreational Boating Facilities
- 28 CFR Section 36.403 for alterations and path of travel
These standards are current, enforceable, and apply nationwide.
When ADA Applies to Dock Gangways
ADA does not apply to every dock.
ADA Applies when:
- The gangway serves a public dock, marina, pier, or boat slip
- The gangway is part of a required accessible route from land
ADA Does Not Apply when:
- The dock is a private residential dock
- The facility is non-public and privately owned
This distinction alone eliminates many unnecessary compliance concerns.
ADA Gangway Length and Slope Rules
ADA recognizes fluctuating water levels and provides slope exceptions based on gangway length and facility size.
Facilities With 25 or More Slips
- Less than (80) feet total gangway length 1 to 12 maximum slope required where feasible
- (80) feet or more total gangway length Maximum slope requirement is waived
Facilities With Fewer Than 25 Slips
- Less than (30) feet total gangway length 1 to 12 maximum slope required where feasible
- (30) feet or more total gangway length Maximum slope requirement is waived
Important: Total gangway length includes all hinged sections and switchbacks.
ADA Gangway Alterations and the 20 Percent Rule
Repairing or replacing a gangway alone does not trigger mandatory lengthening.
However, when alterations affect a primary function area, the gangway becomes part of the required path of travel.
Primary function areas include:
- Dock decking
- Boat slips
- Electrical or utility upgrades on the dock
What Is the ADA 20 Percent Rule?
The Department of Justice limits required accessibility upgrades during alterations.
- Up to 20 percent of the total alteration cost may be required for accessibility improvements
- Costs above that threshold are considered disproportionate and are not required
ADA Cost Allocation Example for Docks
Primary Function Alterations
- Dock decking replacement, $120,000
- Slip upgrades, $30,000
- Electrical work, $50,000
- Total primary cost, $200,000
ADA 20 Percent Cap
- Maximum required ADA upgrades, $40,000
Allowable ADA Upgrades Within the Cap
- Gangway surface improvements, $18,000
- Handrails, $9,500
- Transition plates, $7,500
- Signage and grading, $5,000
- Total ADA upgrades, $40,000
Once the 20 percent limit is reached, additional upgrades are not required.
Critical ADA Gangway Notes
- Gangway length includes hinges and switchbacks
- Length exceptions apply to slope only
- Width, surface conditions, transitions, and edge protection may still apply
- Alterations do not automatically require gangway lengthening
Why ADA Compliance Matters for Dock Owners
Misinterpreting ADA rules can result in:
- Overdesigned gangways
- Higher construction costs
- Permitting delays
- Disputes with inspectors
Proper interpretation protects both the project and the budget.
ADA Compliant Dock Design by American Muscle Docks
American Muscle Docks designs and fabricates gangways and dock systems with ADA compliant engineering from the start. We help dock owners, marina operators, and engineers apply the rules accurately, use legitimate exceptions, and avoid unnecessary upgrades.
If you are planning a dock or marina project and need guidance on ADA gangway requirements, our team is ready to help.
